UOK (KOTA UNIVERSTY)

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PRACTICAL FILES

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download all first semester all notes from below.

Botany

SYLLABUS UNIT 1

General Characterstics of vascular Cryptogams. Types of Steles, Heterospory , Seed habit and Alternation of generation in Pteridophytes.

Zoology Unit I: Chordates

Origin, ancestry, evolution, and diversity of chordates; general characters of chordates; outline classification of phylum Chordata; general characters and classification of subphylum Hemichordata, Urochordata and Cephalochordata up to order; life cycle of Herdmania and Branchiostoma.

Botany

SYLLABUS UNIT 2

Systematics of Pteridophytes, Important characterstics of Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida, and Pteropsida, Structure, reproduction and alternation of generation in Lycopodium, Selaginella, Equisetum, and Marsilea.

Zoology Unit II: Fishes

Origin, ancestry, evolution, and diversity of fishes; general characters and classification of superclass Pisces up to order; Extinct fishes: Ostracodermi and Placodermi; life cycle of Petromyzon; Pisces: scales, fins, air bladder and accessory respiratory organs, migration, parental care, economic importance, and pisciculture.

Botany

SYLLABUS UNIT 3

General Characters, classification and economic importance of Gymnosperms. Distribution of Gymnosperms in India. Comparative account and salient features of Cycadofilicales, Cordaitales, Bennettitales.

Zoology Unit III: Amphibians and Reptiles

Origin, ancestry, evolution, and diversity of amphibians; general characters and classification of class Amphibia up to order, limbless amphibians; parental care in amphibians; Origin, ancestry, evolution, and diversity of reptiles; general characters and classification of class Reptilia up to order, identification of venomous and non-venomous snakes; biting mechanism in snakes; venom and anti-venom; extinct reptiles: Dinosaurs.

Botany

SYLLABUS UNIT 4

General account of morphology, anatomy, reproductive structure and life cycle of Cycas, Pinus and Ephedra.

Zoology Unit IV: Birds

Origin, ancestry, evolution, and diversity of birds; general characters and classification of class Aves up to order; Birds: flightless birds, modifications of beaks, kinds of palates, types of claws, mode and mechanism of flights, flight adaptations, migration, and economic importance; extinct birds: Archaeopteryx.

Botany

SYLLABUS UNIT 5

Paleobotany : Aims and Objectives of Paleobotany. Fossilization and types of fossils, Techniques of fossil study, Geological time scale and significance of Paleobotany. Brief account of Rhynia, Lepidodendron, Calamites, Cladoxylon ,Williamsonia and Glossopteris.

Zoology Unit V: Mammals

Origin, ancestry, evolution, and diversity of mammals; general characters and classification of class Mammalia up to order; monotremes and marsupial mammals; aquatic mammals and their adaptations; flying mammals and their adaptations; adaptive radiations in mammals; dentition in mammals; economic importance of mammals.